Chloride
Functions
Chloride is the major anion of the extracellular fluids where it occurs mostly in association with sodium. Chloride can move freely across membranes and also associates with potassium inside cells. Chloride is critical for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
Chloride also forms part of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, which is important for food digestion.
Recommended Intakes
The estimated minimum requirement of chloride is 750mg/day
Food Sources
Significant sources include table salt and soy sauce. Moderate amounts are also found in meats, milks, eggs, with large amounts in processed foods.
Deficiency
It is rare that diets lack chloride. Chloride losses may occur in sodium-depleting conditions such as heavy sweating or chronic diarrhoea and vomiting.
Toxicity
The only known cause of high blood chloride concentrations is dehydration due to water deficiency. |