Chromium
Functions
Chromium is an essential nutrient. It is involved in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. It potentiates (enhances) the action of insulin for carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Therefore it helps maintain blood glucose homeostasis.
Recommended Intakes
The estimated safe and adequate intake of chromium is 50-200mg/day.
The adequate intake estimated by the US is 35mg/day and 25mg/day for adult males and females respectively.
Food Sources
Chromium is present in a variety of foods. Rich sources of chromium include, brewers' yeast, nuts, prunes, asparagus, mushrooms, beer and wine. Other good sources include fresh fruit and vegetables, and cheese. Unrefined foods tend to provide the best source of chromium.
Dietary intakes of chromium range from 13-61mg/day, suggesting that many individuals may not consume adequate amounts.
Deficiency
When there is a lack of chromium in the diet, a diabetic-like condition of high blood glucose concentrations may be present. Insulin and glucagon (hormones involved in blood glucose control) response may be impaired. Clinical manifestations may include impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar levels), insulin resistance, and neuropathy.
Toxicity Toxicity symptoms from dietary sources are unknown. There has been occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium which has caused skin, liver and kidney damage. | 
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